10th ENGLISH
REFRESHER COUESE MODULE
5 , Modals - II
(May, Might, Need not, Should
Ought to/have to)
LEARNING OUTCOMES:
Using grammar items in context such as reporting verbs, passive and tense, time and tense etc
TEACHER ACTIVITY: 1
The teacher explains the use of 'may' and 'might in the sentences as follows.
• May' is used to express possibility/probability.
Example:
a. Varun may return home tomorrow.
b. He practiced hard. He may be tired.
• May' is used to ask for permission.
Example:
a. May I take your pen?
b. May we come a bit later?
• 'May' is used to give permission.
Example:
a. You may take my pen.
b. You may leave the class now.
• 'Might' is used to ask permission in a polite manner.
Example:
a. Might I raise a question?
b. Might I leave the meeting now?
• “Might is used to express weaker possibility/probability.
Example:
a. I am so tired. I might come there tonight.
b. It's quite bright. It might not rain today.
The teacher gives a situation to the students. “You are in the middle of strangers. You want the Collowing things thal are shown in the pictures.” Now the leacher asks the students to discuss in groups and come with answers. Example: Might I use your laptop?
TEACHER ACTIVITY: 2
The teacher explains the use of 'need need not, 'should, ought to' and 'have to’in the sentences as follows.
• Need' is used to express the necessity.
* 'Need not is used to express lack of necessity and absence of obligation.
• 'Should/ ought to' / 'have to’ is used to express 50% of obligation.
• Should'/'ought to / ‘have to’ is used to express advice.
• 'Should/ ought to' / 'have to’ is used to express logical conclusion.
The teacher makes the students practice expressing necessity by talking about the need for certain items in different situations. The teacher writes the situations on the board. The students imagine that they will go to each place mentioned on the board. The students jot down the items they need. They think of the items they need to take and need not take to that place. The
students then write a sentence for each item in their note book using 'I need to take. I need
not take..., or 'I needn't have taken... Afterwards, the students discuss whether they need to take
the items or not. When everyone has finished, there is a class feedback session to discuss the
students' answers.
Example: I need to take towel. I need not take my laptop.
• You go to beach.
• You go to a place of worship.
• You go to a book/toy fair.
• You go to bank
• You go to a tourist spot.
STUDENT ACTIVITY: 1
The teacher asks the students to bring any 10 objects and asks the students to place each of
them in separate bags. Some can be easy to guess by touching - like spoon, pen, etc. and some
can be more difficult to guess. Example: a small toy in strange shape. By touching, the student
should write down what might be in the bag.
If it is easy to guess, the student says, “A pen is in the bag." or "A pen may be in the bag."
If it is difficult to guess, he/she says, “A toy might be in the bag."
STUDENT ACTIVITY: 2
The teacher gives some pictures and asks the students what to do in such situations.
The students sit in groups and discuss the answers. One student from each group presents their answers.
Ex: I should call the fire service.
Laughter may relieve me from headace.
Mosquito can cause fatal illness.
The teacher assigns the roles of various professionals to each student. Each student comes to the front and tells something related to their duly as a professional. The students can come with as many sentences as possible.
Example: Traffic Police – You should cross the road careſully.
You should wait for the green signal to cross the road.
ASSESSMENT:
I. Choose the right answer from the options:
1. My friends are going to a party tonight, may I go with them, please?
a) may b) may not c) might d) might not
2. They thought that they might come later
a) may b) may not c) might d) might not
3. He may be late because his flight was delayed.
a) may b) may not c) might d) might not
II. Complete the conversation using modals (may/might):
Amala : Where is Jane?
Kamala: She might have missed her train I am afraid.
Amala : She said she may go on a shopping tomorrow.
Kamala: If only she had written her exams well, she might be able to go out.
Amala : She said that she had done it well, so she may go out.
III. Choose the correct option:
1. It's almost nine. You have to catch the bus now.
a) need b) need not c) will d) have to
2. My friend ought to stop eating fatty foods.
a) need b) ought to c) need not d) ought not to
3. There is a fire in the kitchen. What should we do?
a) should b) need not c) should not d) need
IV. Match the following:
1. May I use your bicycle? - asking for permission
2. She might win the prize - weaker possibility
3. You are quite well now.You need not take any medicine - Lack of necessity
4. We should obey the laws. - Express duty or obligation
V. Use the given modal verbs to complete the sentences:
(should, shouldn't, ought to, ought not to, have to, need not)
1. In case of illness,you ought to consult a doctor.
2. Students should revise their lessons regularly.
3. The children have been walking for a long time. They have to be very tired.
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Answers for the fresher course prepared by ,
Mrs.S.R. AKILAMARY , BT.ASST ,
GOVT.ADW.HSS.ELAMANUR , MADURAI.
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